Those conversations were the occasion that during the night of the fire the prisoner SS man Eduard Lockhauserbaumer who was in a cell near to mine (prisoners presence there subsequently checked in prison files) heard the sound of the boots on the pavement and looked outside his cell and saw Hoess, but he had taken him for the SS-Obersturmführer Schwarz. He spoke to me about him from cell to cell. During his last visit, the Kommandant said he wanted to come back to me. But soon afterwards, at the beginning of February, I had a very severe attack. Always before it had gone away. I thought it was a gallstone attack. This diagnosis was confirmed by Dr. Stassel, the Bunker doctor. In the evening I had a second attack with terrible vomiting. Then the prisoners doctor came, Dr. Doring. After examination he told me carefully, ‘You are pregnant’. The following day he came again and examined me thoroughly. He established the fact definitely that I was pregnant 8 weeks. He asked me who was the man. I told him I could not answer and asked him not to say anything about it. I urged him at the same time to help me. Therefore, the following day a janitor at the Bunker, I think Teresiak, handed me through the window two medicines. I took one. As I got terrible pains, I threw the second away. Dr. Doring did not come anymore. After this attempt at abortion I was taken into a special cell of the dungeon, which is a small dark hole and only very little air can pass into it. Otherwise it was quite dark. One can just stand in that hole or stay on the knees to have a change of the position. The next morning when Gehring came to fetch me I was completely naked as I had been washing. Just as I was finishing, Gehring took me along; he only allowed me to put on an apron. Witness of this is SS-Rottenführer Muller. I had to stay in the above described cell all the time. I was not told the reason. When I was in the dungeon, I got terribly afraid and started crying for which Hannes had to pour several buckets of water on me. The reason why I cried so terribly was because there was a dead body in the cell which I could feel in the darkness.
I was taken out of that cell and was put into the next one. As I continued crying once more several buckets of water were poured on me. The first days, I received the normal quantity of internees’ food. After that I only got some bread and coffee and each 4th day I received some cooked food. For a period of 9 weeks I had no possibility to wash myself and the last 17 days there was no using the WC. I had to do this in my cell. During the imprisonment I asked SS-Rottenführer Muller to bring me some clothes as I felt very cold. He advised me to talk to Gehring. Gehring turned up several times, opened the little hole and called ‘old cow, hysterical goat’, when I asked him for a drop of water. He expressed surprise several times that I had not died yet. (Note of interrogator: While talking of these things she became rather excited. One can clearly see how terrible the reminder of this time affects here). As far as I can remember it must have been winter time when I was in that cell because Gehring gave orders to cut off the steam heat for my cell. About that time also SS-Obersturmführer Grabner and SS-Hauptsturmführer Hans Aumeier were in front of my cell. The door of my cell was not quite closed which enabled me to see those two. I could also hear that they spoke in front of Herman Roman’s cell and when Roman asked them to save his life, Aumeier just replied, ‘you will die you dog’. I had to vomit and felt better after that. After my release from this special cell, I asked the neighbor of the next cell how to manage an abortion. This was about April or May in 1943. Miss (Mrs) Regenscheidt told me to get hold of a long needle with which I should open the ovary and put green soap inside. The above-mentioned Kurt Muller brought me those things along as I told him I needed it for my washing. With the support of a mirror I started trying it with the result that I lost a lot of blood and the spot became rather swollen. The whole trial was without any result. I believe it was the 26 of June when I was released, the very same day when the execution of the Jewess Zimmersprit took place. When Aumeier gave the order to get out, I also entered the corridor. SS-Obersturmführer Grabner when he saw me said, ‘for heavens sake that is ‘N’ and I was sent back into the cell. To Aumeier he said, ‘she will be sent back into the camp’. This order was given by the commander. She will be sent to Buddy as Blockalteste (in charge of a barracks). Instead of that I was sent back into the punishment company where SS-Oberscharführer Tauber received me. He said I got here by special order of the commander and would have all advantages. I got into the hospital where I received something which managed the abortion.
In the punishment company I was allowed then to stay in bed for ten or twelve days. After my convalescence I worked 3 months as a Janitress. After that I was in charge of the kitchen and had to go into the hospital again on account of bronchitis. Before my release I got typhus. Ever since I am in the hospital waiting to be transferred to Munich. On July 12, I was supposed to be sent to Munich as the whole hospital was cleared out. That was in 1944. Only five old Jewish women and myself stayed. SS-Obersturmführer Hessler intended to put me in the dungeon until I was sent to Munich. When I refused he got order from the commander that I will be taken into the new barracks for the time being. While there the civilian employee, Dr. Gobel, of the Glauberg station, gave the order that I shall have to be sent to Birkenau for gas. In fact I was put together with the other Jewish women into the car, but in the very last moment the SS man in charge of the Glauberg station came and gave order to bring me back again. The clerk of the hospital office, the internee Adolf Laatsch assured me that Dr. Gobel put my name as the first one on the list of those who are going to pass the gas chambers. I still have to point out that in the presence of Prof. Glauberg and the Camp Commander I had to meet Dr. Doring. Nobody else was present. I was asked whether I knew Dr. Doring. This question was put to me by the Camp Commander, Mr. Eaer. Dr. Doring gave me a sign not to say anything and answered, ‘No, I do not know this woman’, and I agreed that I did not know him. After this meeting I immediately said to Prof. Glauberg and the doctors that I did recognise Dr. Doring. Prof. Glauberg asked me why I did not say so before. I replied that I did not know the purpose of this meeting and Dr. Doring immediately had said that he did not know me. Fifteen minutes later I wrote a note to Commander Hoess telling him about the meeting and declaration. A second note which I sent to the Commander said that Prof. Glauberg refused to take me into the new station and I asked for orders from him.
Two or three days later, SS-Hauptscharführer Klausen was sent to me by the Commander to ask me whom I gave those letters to as he did not receive same. Klausen advised me to hand him all the letters which I wanted to send to the Commander so as to be sure that they would reach their destination. After that I was asked by the Commander to state any special wishes I had about food. I was allowed to write them on a list. I did so and it was signed for agreement by the Commander. The meeting with the Commander Hoess in the presence of the Judge SS-Untersturmführer Wiebeck took place as follows: I was asked by Wiebeck what enabled me to say that the Commander knew who was with me in the dungeon. I laughed, and the Commander said that this was quite unclear to him. He got rather excited and put his hand on the bed to steady himself. He confirmed also that I behaved very decently and that I had been kept in the dungeon for my own protection. He did not know anything as to why I was kept in that little hole. To the contrary, he accused him for not having said anything to him about that. When I was told that in January 1943 Hoess refused my release from camp on account of very bad behavior, I did not have any declaration for that. About the fears which I had in connection with my transfer to Munich, I spoke to my fiancee, the already mentioned Fichtinger. He advised me under all circumstances not to mention the commander’s name. I was also careful enough to put myself under psychiatric care for a period of 6 weeks. The certificate about this from the Polish camp doctor as well as the written diaries about everything that happened are in the possession of Fichtinger. I also want to say that once I listened to a talk between several internees, the names of whom I do not know. They said that they were keeping a hiding place together with some SS men where they got some very valuable things: foreign money, gold and silver, which they want to take along after the clearing out of Camp Auschwitz. Some of that staff was supposed to be in a house which was left alone and was situated on the way to Hasensee. I myself know the house by talk but I do not know where in this area the stuff is kept. The other part of those valuable things are supposed to be underneath Block No* 2 in the men’s camp.
Waste of textiles: The textiles were stored in several barracks of which I only know two. Those have been cleared out. Those barracks were full to the ceiling with clothes, furs, suitcases, bags and boots. All those things were kept there for such a long time and without any care being taken that the rats spoiled them until they become unusable, with the result that they had to load all that stuff on trucks and carry it to the crematorium to be burned. SS-Hauptscharführer Effinger was responsible for that. He used to always drink and fool around with women all the time. When I left Auschwitz, the textiles were stored in stone buildings and the intern in charge told me the same thing was happening as it did before. I saw them burn great hills of valuable suitcases, leather ware, and boots which were spoiled from the wetness.
Ravensbrück: I have been in Ravensbrück as from the December 5, 1941, until March 24, 1942. During that time I saw many cases of cruelty and very bad treatment against internees. I saw the head woman guard, Mandel, when she sent dogs against the internees. Those internees were wounded and immediately sent into the punishment company. No care was taken about them and the majority died there on account of their own wounds. 57 of the 1000 internees who were transferred from Ravensbrück to Auschwitz were still alive at the time of my departure. Those 57 can be used as witnesses. The political department of Ravensbrück was supposed to have a special cell in the dungeon into which no air could come. Internees who would not confess were kept in here. Slowly water was let in it and when it was right up to the head, the internee would ask through the little hole once more if they would confess. If he refused more water was let in until he drowned. Irmgard Ludwig who is still alive offered herself as a witness. She said that she had seen a dead body floating in the cell. Also the internee who had to do all the cleaning in the dungeon and was transferred with me to Auschwitz told me when we were together in the hospital that things were like that. She also said that there was a guard woman named Mandel who used to beat internees in the cells after some cloth was put in front of the eyes to keep them from seeing.
SPECIAL CASE REPORTS
Some of the more outstanding case reports are summarized below:
SCHILLING, Kurt Karl, Dr.
Dr. Schilling was apprehended by this detachment to ascertain his connection with the various medical experimental stations of the camp. He retired from the practice of medicine in 1932. He had been, for many years, Professor of Parisitology at the Medical School of the University of Berlin, and for the past 20 years had been particularly interested in malaria. In 1936, he was summoned by a Dr. Conti, Minister of Health, to appear personally before Himmler. Schilling stated he was ordered by Himmler to proceed to the Dachau Concentration Camp for the purpose of research in an attempt to find a method of specifically immunizing individuals against malaria. This he did since 1936, and in this period of time he inoculated some 2000 people with malaria.
WIEBECK, Gerhard
Subject is an SS judge holding the rank of SS-0bersturmführer. Subject is a lawyer by profession and in this capacity secured employment with the State Police in Berlin, where he remained until 1940. In 1939, he attained the rank of SS-Untersturmführer in the Allgemeine SS because of his position on the Help Crimes Commission. In February 1940, Wiebeck was transferred to Waffen SS as a soldier in Prague, and became an SS judge in November 1943. As an SS judge, subject was charged with investigation of all crimes committed by SS men and from this point of view has much information to offer concerning SS men.
WELTER, Wilhelm – SS-Oberscharführer
Subject became member of the NSDAP and the SA in 1932. He joined the SS Totenkopf unit, Dachau in 1935. Welter was Arbeitsdienstführer in the concentration camp. He was very brutal and was accused of killing many prisoners and prisoners of war. For one-half year, subject was also in charge of the Friedrichshafen branch of the Dachau Concentration Camp. In 1945 during an interview with SS General Pohl on the camp grounds, he was transferred to the Russian front, consequently wounded and returned to Germany to train the HJ Birgsau, Allgoe. From there he made a trip to Dachau on May 7, 1945, and was apprehended May 9, 1945. Subject’s interrogation revealed the hideout place of 300 higher SS officers in the mountains.
SCHUSTER, Heinrich, Johann
Subject was an inmate of the Auschwitz Concentration Camp from 1942 to January 1945. There he assisted the SS doctors in the hospital wards. He was accused of singling out other internees for the gas chamber despite the fact that he had only studied for 3 years and was not a doctor. In January 1945, he was transferred to the Dachau Concentration Camp where he again volunteered to work in the hospital, Schuster was arrested after transferring back from the hospital to the camp ground while he was trying to mingle with the other internees.
BOTTGER, Franz – SS-Hauptscharführer
Rapportführer in the camp, subject is an outstanding example of inhuman cruelty and brutality. He participated in the killing of many political prisoners as well as the killing of many prisoners of war. On 27 April 1945, he left Dachau with an evacuation transport. Over 1200 people were killed on the way. Subject was recognized and apprehended by informants working for this detachment about 30 kilometers distance from Dachau.
KICK, Johann – SS-Untersturmführer
Former chief of the Political Department of the Dachau Concentration Camp, head of the STAPO Aussenstelle Dachau, Kick related that he entered the Political Department of the Dachau Concentration Camp on 20 May 1937 as a hearer of cases, and that in January 1938, he was named Chief of the department by SS-Sturmführer Beck, Oberregierungsrat of the Gestapo, Munich. He held this position until August 1944, when he was put in charge of the STAPO Aussenstelle Dachau. In his new position Kick was charged with recruiting espionage agents from the Dachau Concentration Camp. He relied almost wholly on intimidating and coercive methods.
SUSE, Edmund Theodor – Member Gestapo Paris
Subject was brought to the attention of this detachment during the investigation and screening for the position of Assistant Mayor in Dachau. It was revealed that subject was interpreter for the Gestapo in Paris. Investigation in his house produced a list of party members from Allach, photographs of members of the NSDAP Allach wearing the Golden Party pin (old fighters). His claims that he was in the SS Straf lager could not be verified.
LIHOTZKY, Roland – Member Gestapo Prague
Subject joined the NS student organization in Prague one month after the Germans had taken over on 26 April 1939. He was hired by Polizeirat Lustig, Gestapo Prague, in June 1939. He received 170 marks a month for his services, which consisted of translations, house searches and interpreting during interrogations. Subject claims that he was arrested 17 June 1940 in Prague for stealing soap and coffee. His case was heard January 1942 by RSHA-SS Sturmbannführer Muller, Subject was subsequently sentenced to 5 years, 3 months, and was moved to the SS Straf lager, Camp Dachau, 5 November 1942. In April 1943, he claims to have been made medical aid man in the SS prison. On 25 April 1945, three days before the Americans arrived, subject was issued a Red Cross armband.
RECHENBERGER
Subject tried to give information about the hideout of a minor SS member. He claims to have been in the SS Straf lager for 2 years when he left the RAD. He has the SS blood group on his arm and could not be identified as having been in the SS Straflager. He was only known to two other arrested persons. SUSE and LIHOTZKY. Since subject was not in the camp grounds but tried to get in voluntarily to give vague information, and since his story is obviously false, he is possibly an enemy agent.
MISCELLANEOUS
The administration, supervision, and control of the Dachau Concentration Camp was divided into five departments:
Abteilung I – Kommandanture (Commander of Camp and Personal Staff)
Abteilung II – Politische Abteilung (Political Department)
Abteilung III – Schutzhaftlager (The Internees’ Camp)
Abteilung IV – Verwaltung (Administration)
Abteilung V – Reviere (Hospitals)
The most important department, though it appears subordinate to the camp commander, was the Political Department. This department was under the command of KICK, Johann (Kriminal Sekretar, SS-Untersturmführer, Head of STAPO Aussenstelle in Dachau), who was in contact with Berlin, and it was this department’s function to check and counter-check not only the camp commander’s activities with the orders that the camp commander received from higher authorities, but to investigate the activities of all departments at Dachau.
The chief function of the Political Department was to screen and process all political and other types of criminals, the keeping of their records, the notification of the higher interning authorities of deaths, discharges, or other disposition of the internees. Death sentences of internees were received by this department (from Berlin), and these sentences were referred for execution to Abteilung III (Schutzhaftlager), and upon the execution of the above, this department was responsible for turning in a final report of the carrying out of these orders.
Gestapo came from Munich to carry on interrogations at Dachau. It was the responsibility of this department to interrogate and abuse Russian prisoners of war who were brought here for that specific purpose. Orders for the inhumane interrogation of the Russian prisoners of war were carried out by this department. Another function of this department was to recruit internees by intimidation for sabotage and espionage work.
SURVEY OF INTERNEES – DACHAU April 29, 1945
German Nationals 1173 (incliding 6 women)
Belgians 848
Danes 1
British 8
Estonians 11
French 3918
Greeks 195
Italians 2184
Croats 103
Serbs 79
Slovenes 2907
Latianis 27
Lithuianians 39
Alsace Loraines 36
Luxemburgers 133
Dutch 558
Norwegians 79
Poles 9082 (including 96 women)
Rumanians 50
Russians 4258 (including 9 women)
Slovaks 44
Albanians 30
Americans 6
Maltese 1
Arabians 1
Armenians 2
Finns 1
Iraqs 1
Irans 1
Turks 3
Spanish 194
Exiles 21
Czechs 1632
Hungarians 670 (including 34 women )
Bulgarians 8
Portugese 4
Swiss 2
Austrians 253
Annex-Germans 2
Sudetens 3
Jews 2539 (including 225 women)
Total 31.432
Number of Internees Processed Through Dachau
From 1933 to 1939 (Numbered card index system 39,000
From 1933 to 1939 (Unnumbered cards) 21,000
From March 1940 to 26 April 1945 161,930
(From card index system established March 1940, Cards numbered from No 1 and continued up to 26 April 1945) Transports arriving 3 weeks prior to American occupation, 7000 (No permanent records kept due to confusion and breakdown of the administrative departments during the attempted evacuation)
Total 228,930
THE INTERNATIONAL PRISONERS’ COMMITTEE
President: Patrick O’Leary, Major (England)
Vice-president: Michailow Nikolai, General (USSR)
Haulot Arthur, Parliament Member, (Belgium)
Members: Kothbauer Alfons, (Aistria)
Parra Vincens, (Spain)
Michelet Edmond, (France)
Boellaard Willem, (Holland)
Pallavicini Georg, (Hungary)
Melodia Giovanni, (Italy)
Wirtz Freddy, (Luxembourg)
Kokoszka Josef, (Poland)
Blaha Franz, (Czeschslovakia)
Juranie Oskar, (Yougolslavia)
Kuci Ali, (Balkans)
Jokarinis Guisepe, (Greece)
Becker Rasmus, (Norway)
Muller Oscar, (Germany)
Secretary: Malozewski Leon
